{"id":27407,"date":"2018-04-10T19:47:05","date_gmt":"2018-04-10T23:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cccc.org\/news_blogs\/?p=27407"},"modified":"2021-10-04T13:24:47","modified_gmt":"2021-10-04T17:24:47","slug":"call-for-papers-the-advancement-of-religion-as-charitable-public-benefit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/intersection\/2018\/04\/10\/call-for-papers-the-advancement-of-religion-as-charitable-public-benefit\/","title":{"rendered":"CALL FOR PAPERS: The Advancement of Religion as Charitable Public Benefit"},"content":{"rendered":"

CALL FOR PAPERS<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Advancement of Religion as Charitable Public Benefit<\/strong><\/p>\n

During the Trinity Western University Law School case hearing at the Supreme Court of Canada on December 1, 2017, Canadian Bar Association lawyer Susan Ursel was questioned by Justice Malcolm Rowe about the CBA\u2019s position that the accreditation of TWU\u2019s law school was a form of \u201cpublic support\u201d that should not be given to TWU.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cHow about my theoretical Jesuit institute?\u201d Justice Rowe inquired. \u201cYou can\u2019t get in unless you\u2019re a Jesuit. You can\u2019t become a Jesuit unless you\u2019re a Catholic priest. And you can\u2019t become a Catholic priest unless you\u2019re a man. Should their tax-exempt status be struck down because of that?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/em>\u201cIt\u2019s not the case before us,\u201d Ursel replied, deflecting.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/em>\u201cBut is it not the logic of what you\u2019re putting to us?\u201d Justice Rowe pressed.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/em>\u201cIt is the logic of what I am putting to you,\u201d Ursel agreed. \u201cThere are limits to what the state should be called upon to support \u2026 you are right, we are at that threshold, and we can\u2019t back away from it.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

In English common law countries \u201cthe advancement of religion\u201d is charity law\u2019s \u201cthird head.\u201d Under this head a myriad of religious operations is held as charitable. That includes the running of religious houses of worship, religious schools, universities, and hospitals, the operation of entities to support those enterprises, and more. Tax authorities (such as Canada Revenue Agency[1]) have also given concessions, under this head, to religious groups to run ancillary businesses, such as thrift stores, where profits are used for the continued operations of the religious organization.<\/p>\n

Canadian law presumes that the third head provides a public benefit. However, in recent years, there has been a growing call for government to re-evaluate that presumption. In the UK, for example, the Charity Commission, under new legislation that abolished the presumption,[2] now requires religious charities to provide \u201can identifiable, positive, beneficial moral or ethical framework that is promoted by religion which demonstrates that the religion is capable of impacting on society in a beneficial way.\u201d[3]  The literature that has addressed the presumption has also raised the complexity of defining “religion” for the purposes of registering a religious enterprise as charitable.<\/p>\n

The Charities Directorate, at Canada Revenue Agency, has prepared a policy guidance on religion but has not officially published the document.  Lawyer Mark Blumberg, through an Access To Information Request, obtained a copy and has published it on his charity law website.<\/a> The failure to publish is intriguing given that charities under the third head represent some 38% of the Canadian charitable sector.<\/p>\n

The Senate of Canada has recently appointed a special committee to study the charitable sector in Canada with a report due by the end of 2018.[4] It is expected that the committee will be considering this debate over the presumption of public benefit. We thought it appropriate to take the initiative and put together a publication with writings of scholars from around English common law countries who would contribute to the debate and that would be of benefit to Canada since the issue of what is charitable about religious enterprises has become a salient public policy issue.<\/p>\n

This call for papers is for a book that will contain up to 20 scholarly papers on this subject to be published in a very short order.<\/strong>  (You may be interested in seeing the previous book project that my office organized \u2013 by clicking here<\/a>.) Given the short time frame we are on, it may mean that those interested in contributing to this project may have already given some considerable thought and reflection on the questions we raise.  Potential authors are asked to send in their 250-word abstracts by <\/strong>April 16<\/strong>, and final papers by <\/strong>June 15<\/strong>. Publication of accepted papers will occur in the fall 2018.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Of interest in this debate are the positions of Lawyer Donovan Waters[5] and Professor Kathryn Chan[6].<\/p>\n

Mr. Waters argues, at some length, the complexity of \u201creligion\u201d and suggests that the essence of religion, being the subject of the third head, is spirituality, which is not assessable by the courts.  Therefore, there can be no presumption of public benefit. Any religious entity that is considered for charitable status should not receive such status if its religious or spiritual purpose violates the law or public policy including encouraging the hatred of others.<\/p>\n

Professor Chan argues that the development of a constitutional duty of the state to be religiously neutral, combined with the struggle of trying to determine what is the public benefit with the advancement of religion, has made the third head vulnerable to arguments that it should no longer be considered charitable. She notes that given our sceptical age we must come up with a more convincing justification than the presumption of public benefit. She asks two very important questions: is it possible to identify a rationale for recognizing religion as a charitable purpose that would survive constitutional scrutiny? Is it possible to articulate the \u201cconceptual public benefit\u201d of religion in constitutionally \u201cneutral\u201d terms?<\/p>\n

That then is our challenge.<\/p>\n

Please send your abstract by April 16 to:<\/p>\n

Barry W. Bussey, BA, LLB, MA, LLM, MPACS, PhD (Cand.), barry.bussey@cccc.org<\/a><\/p>\n

[1]\u201cWhat is a Related Business\u201d (31 March 2003) Government of Canada (website), online: <https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/revenue-agency\/services\/charities-giving\/charities\/policies-guidance\/policy-statement-019-what-a-related-business.html<\/a>><\/p>\n

[2] Charities Act<\/em>, 2006 S. 3(2), online: <https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2006\/50\/contents<\/a>><\/p>\n

[3] \u201cThe Advancement of Religion for the Public Benefit,\u201d Charity Commission: Supplementary Public Benefit Guidance, December 2011, online < https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/358531\/advancement-of-religion-for-the-public-benefit.pdf<\/a>><\/p>\n

[4] See Senate of Canada (website) online: <https:\/\/sencanada.ca\/en\/committees\/cssb\/<\/a>><\/p>\n

[5] Donovan Waters, QC, \u201cThe advancement of religion in a pluralist society (Part I): distinguishing religion from giving to \u2018charity\u2019\u201d (2011) 17:7 Trusts & Trustees<\/em>, 652\u2013667; Donovan Waters, QC, \u201cThe advancement of religion in a pluralist society (Part II): abolishing the public benefit element\u201d (2011) 17:8 Trusts & Trustees<\/em>, 729\u2013738.<\/p>\n

[6] Kathryn Chan, The Public-Private Nature of Charity Law<\/em>, (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2016); Kathryn Chan, \u201cThe Advancement of Religion as a Charitable Purpose in an Age of Religious Neutrality\u201d (2017) 6:1 Oxford J L Religion<\/em>, 112\u2013136; Kathryn Bromley, \u201cThe Advancement of Religion in the Age of Fundamental Human Rights,\u201d 16:2 The Philanthropist<\/em>, 74.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CALL FOR PAPERS The Advancement of Religion as Charitable Public Benefit During the Trinity Western University Law School case hearing at the Supreme Court of Canada on December 1, 2017, Canadian Bar Association lawyer Susan Ursel was questioned by Justice Malcolm Rowe about the CBA\u2019s position that the accreditation of… More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ts_fic_featured_image_caption":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[137],"tags":[384],"series":[],"class_list":["post-27407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-law-and-religion-advancement-of-religion-charity-law"],"yoast_head":"\nCALL FOR PAPERS: The Advancement of Religion as Charitable Public Benefit - CCCC Blogs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cccc.org\/news_blogs\/intersection\/2018\/04\/10\/call-for-papers-the-advancement-of-religion-as-charitable-public-benefit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CALL FOR PAPERS: The Advancement of Religion as Charitable Public Benefit - CCCC Blogs\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CALL FOR PAPERS The Advancement of Religion as Charitable Public Benefit During the Trinity Western University Law School case hearing at the Supreme Court of Canada on December 1, 2017, Canadian Bar Association lawyer Susan Ursel was questioned by Justice Malcolm Rowe about the CBA\u2019s position that the accreditation of... 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As a leader in the fight against Hitler, Churchill made a speech in a radio broadcast held February 9, 1941. He needed more resources from the United States to carry on the fight for freedom, and while President Franklin D.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Churchill_V_sign_HU_55521-231x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":28559,"url":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/intersection\/2019\/09\/27\/should-religious-charities-be-denied-charitable-status-because-of-political-incorrectness\/","url_meta":{"origin":27407,"position":1},"title":"Should religious charities be denied charitable status because of political incorrectness?","author":"cccc","date":"September 27, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u2018The Status of Religion and the Public Benefit in Charity Law\u2019 is an apologetic for maintaining the presumption of public benefit for the charitable category \u2018advancement of religion\u2019 in democratic countries within the English common law tradition. The argument consists of three broad fronts. First, there is the quantitative approach\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Screenshot-437.png?fit=481%2C758&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":29244,"url":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/intersection\/2020\/06\/15\/two-years-and-counting\/","url_meta":{"origin":27407,"position":2},"title":"Two Years and Counting","author":"cccc","date":"June 15, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Two years ago, on June 15, 2018, the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) handed us their two decisions in the case of Trinity Western University\u2019s (TWU) quest for a law school. At stake was the question of whether or not Canadian diversity had room to allow a private, religious institution\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"religious freedom in Canada\"","block_context":{"text":"religious freedom in Canada","link":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/tag\/religious-freedom-in-canada\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_7981.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_7981.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_7981.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_7981.jpg?resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_7981.jpg?resize=1050%2C600 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_7981.jpg?resize=1400%2C800 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":26433,"url":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/legal\/2017\/10\/26\/cra-draft-advancement-of-religion-guidance-released-by-access-to-information-request\/","url_meta":{"origin":27407,"position":3},"title":"CRA Draft Advancement of Religion Guidance Released by Access to Information Request","author":"Deina Warren","date":"October 26, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Authored by Philip A.S. Milley, Associate Director, Legal Affairs\u00a0 For over thirteen years, the Canada Revenue Agency (\"CRA\") policy on the advancement of religion has not been updated. Over the past number of years, there has been a concern that the scope of this charitable head might be narrowed, and\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":38698,"url":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/legal\/2025\/11\/04\/federal-government-will-not-remove-advancement-of-religion\/","url_meta":{"origin":27407,"position":4},"title":"Federal Government Will Not Remove Advancement of Religion","author":"Deina Warren","date":"November 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"There has been a lot of speculation and inaccurate information circulating about whether recommendation 430 would be part of the federal budget to be released later today. Recommendation 430 proposed to \u201cremove the privileged status of advancement of religion as a charitable purpose.\u201d On October 31, the government confirmed that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"advancing religion\"","block_context":{"text":"advancing religion","link":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/tag\/advancing-religion\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PreBudgetSubmission-300-x-300-px.png?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PreBudgetSubmission-300-x-300-px.png?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PreBudgetSubmission-300-x-300-px.png?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PreBudgetSubmission-300-x-300-px.png?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PreBudgetSubmission-300-x-300-px.png?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19410,"url":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/intersection\/2015\/09\/10\/charitable-status-of-un-popular-opinion\/","url_meta":{"origin":27407,"position":5},"title":"Charitable Status of Un-Popular Opinion","author":"cccc","date":"September 10, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"In the recent edition of the Alberta publication Law Matters,[i] law professor of tax law and policy, Saul Templeton of the University of Calgary wrote an article arguing that Trinity Western University\u2019s (TWU) charitable status should be revoked.\u00a0 Templeton\u2019s article is not only provocative but, unfortunately, completely ignores charity law.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"charities\"","block_context":{"text":"charities","link":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/tag\/charities\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p30X8p-783","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27407"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27407\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27407"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cccc.org\/news_blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=27407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}